5 Mistakes that cost filmmakers TENS or HUNDREDS of THOUSANDS of dollars

Film Distribution is a weird and wonky system full of highly specific jargon and terms of art that are meant to be difficult to understand by its very nature.  I’ve already written several blogs on the basics of how these agreements are structured in a way that a person who is not a lawyer should be able to understand. However, even if you gain an understanding of this wonky system, there are a lot of things that can really hurt your film’s bottom line.  Some of these things could even erase any profits you might have otherwise seen.  Here are 5 mistakes I’ve personally seen filmmakers make that have cost them a minimum of 5 figures per filmmaker.  

Not Fully Appreciating Exclusivity

Managing the rights of an independent film isn’t easy.  There’s a lot more to it than uploading to Amazon and expecting a few million hits.  In fact, making your film available on any wide-scale platform is going to make it nearly impossible for a sales agent to sell whatever territory the film has already been exploited in.  Even if you take the film down, you’ve blown exclusive deals, and those are the only deals that pay anything notable upfront.  One of the first things a territorial distributor does is to google the film from their home country to see where it’s currently available.  If they see it’s available in their territory, they decline.

I’ve lost multiple territorial sales for multiple filmmakers due to someone prematurely exploiting a film in a certain territory without letting the sales agent know about it.  Don’t be one of those filmmakers.

To be clear, films are not evergreen and there will come a time when the smart play is legal wide aggregation in order to cut losses from piracy and build your notoriety in those territories in order to better sell future work.  That time starts at the earliest 2 years from the market premiere of the completed film.  If you do it too much faster, you could be leaving significant amounts of money on the table.  

Sending Screeners too early

Most of the time a distributor, sales agent, or even producer’s rep will only watch a film once.  Additionally, they’ll only watch the first 5 minutes of it and if they’re not hooked, they won’t keep watching.  I’ve seen many distributors walk out of buyer screenings around that mark.  There’s very little you can do to prevent this from happening entirely.  Even though a strong hook in the first 5 minutes will help lessen this happening, buyers are busy people with too many films to watch so you won’t be able to fully prevent it due to shifting market demands and mandates. 

What you can control is how early you send out your film.

In general, it’s unwise to submit anything aside from the final, finished cut of your feature film.  Distributors and sales agents get a lot of submissions, and often won’t watch with the eye of what the film could be, only what it is now.  While they may give you some leniency because they know it’s not finished there’s more than likely going to be some degree of subconscious response reminding them that they weren’t big on the film when they watched it.  That will manifest in several ways, nearly all are bad for the filmmaker. 

Dropping promotional assets too early.

It’s totally natural to be excited when you get your new promotional assets like your trailer, your poster, box art, or anything of the sort.  When excited, I’ve seen many filmmakers run straight to social media to show off to their friends.  This is unwise.  

Distributors use poster drops and trailer drops to get press coverage in the trades to grow awareness of the film on a global level.  If you just put it up on Facebook, we can’t get the same drop in the press.  Your friends will be more impressed if you drop an exclusive from BloodyDisgusting, Collider, or /film to show off your poster, trailer, or exclusive sneak peek.  In general, it’s always wise to ask your distributor if you can show off their work to your social media contacts, if they say they’re looking to get an exclusive, hold off and check back in a week or so for a status update.

Making the wrong Genre

I know, I know this one has been beaten into the heads of most independent filmmakers.  There’s a reason for that though.  The sad fact of the matter is that not very many people watch dramas without names or high-level accolades.   A bad horror movie is an easier sell than a great drama.  If you make a drama, without recognizable names you’re only likely to make money in your home country, and at least in the US, you’re likely to make significantly less than you would have made if you made something like a thriller.

One suggestion I often give on this front to filmmakers who are still in the script stage is to consider telling the same story in a different way while emphasizing suspense over emotion in order to make the film into a thriller instead of a drama.  You’re going to make a lot bigger splash with a thriller than a drama, and if all other things are equal in terms of cast and production quality, you’ve got a much better chance at recouping your investment.  

Pulling their film without a plan.

Sometimes you have to take your film back from a distributor.  There are a lot of sharks out there and there’s a good chance you’ll need to exit a distribution agreement at some point in your filmmaking career.  Generally, when it’s time do to this you will have a very good reason to do so.  That being said Just because you’ve taken your independent film down make it as though it was never there.  If the film is taken down, platforms often won’t put it back up through a different distributor, meaning you’ll be in a rough spot to get it back up.  

This is not universal, but it is common that once a film is taken down its exceedingly difficult to get back up.  To be clear, if your distributor or sales agent is in breach of contract you may not have a better option than to take your film down.  You just need to be aware that you might have some trouble putting it back up, and you won’t make any money from the film in the interim.  

As I said at the top, this all gets wonky really quickly.  It’s more than most filmmakers can really take in over just a few times sitting down at their computer.  That’s why Guerrilla Rep Media offers FREE monthly content digests delivered straight to you as part of our Indiefilm Business Resource pack.  It’s easy to sign up and once you do you’ll receive a monthly email full of useful educational content completely for free.  Additionally, you’ll get lots of other goodies like a free e-book, free white paper, investment deck template, festival brochure template, and more.  Sign up below.  

Check the tags below for related content.

Commercial Doesn’t NECESSARILY Mean Crap

Everyone has seen at least one bad movie in their lifetimes.  They’ve probably seen more than that.  However, unless you also work in film acquisitions or have done first-round review for film festivals you have not seen as many bad movies as those of us who do those jobs have.  That’s for the simple reason that any movie you have seen out in the wild had to go through someone like us.  There’s a narrow exception for self-distributed content that is generally limited to silos on Transactional Video On Demand (TVOD) platforms and some easier to access Advertising Supported Video on Demand (AVOD) platforms, but in general, unless someone with the power to act as a gatekeeper for film festival programmers or independent film distributors has given it the go-ahead, the general audience won’t see it. 

This functionally means that anyone who works or has worked in these positions, myself included, has seen a Jurassic park sized pile of poopy submissions.  Which is to say that we know the milieu of a crappy film.  We can, and frankly should talk about the flaws inherent to the current system of gatekeeping, and how sometimes gatekeepers don’t know the difference between a revolutionary piece of cinema and more of the same old skeet. That conversation is beyond my personal scope to change it alone, especially not in a single blog post.  Instead, this blog is an examination of how to avoid getting lumped in with the pile of crud we constantly reject.  The basics are really easy to sum up:

Commercial Films Get Selected.

I don’t think I need to tell you why sales agents and distributors are drawn toward feature films that they deem commercial.  They’re all business people, and if they don’t think they can make money with a project they won’t pitch it up the chain to their bosses and generally won’t take it out if they are the boss.  Sure, there are exceptions here, but when you’re spending two, three, five, or even ten years making something you don’t want to bank on getting lucky at the end of it.  If you make a commercial film in a known genre, your road to getting that film seen is going to be a lot easier.  

Related: What Distributors Mean by Genre

While this is obvious for indie film sales distributors, you may not be familiar with the fact that most festivals make a similar calculation.   There’s a pervading assumption that film festivals focus solely on the art, weeding out the diamond in the rough to give emerging independent voices a leg up.  There is at least a bit of truth in that, and in general film festivals will focus significantly more on art than sales agents.  What that assumption ignores is that most festivals also need to pay their bills, cover the expenses of their year-round staff, and overall build their brand so they can attract bigger new releases.  This means that nearly every festival is also concerned about filling the theaters for the films that they select.  Many if not most festivals also program with something of an eye for whether a film will have a life outside of their own screening as it grows their own renown.  In short, festivals also care whether your film is commercial.  

Dramas Don’t Sell

What mat makes us scream, gets our heart pumping, and brings us to the edge of our seats tends to be pretty universal for us as a species.  What makes us emotional, or what makes us laugh isn’t nearly as universal.  This means, that dramas and comedies tend not to export outside their country of origin unless you have a few big stars in them or they serve as a once-in-a-generation breakout.  This is why those of us who work behind the back office tend to refer to those genres as regional films.  

Speaking as a distributor, even domestically it’s really hard to get people to pay attention to an independent drama without names in it.  It doesn’t matter how well made it is, if it doesn’t have a name people would often rather re-watch a Marvel movie than watch an enlightening indie drama that helps us better understand the human condition.  I want to be clear here, I like those movies.  I think we need more of them out there in society.  However, if they don’t make money and make it hard for programmers to fill seats, it’s hard for us to focus on them when there’s so little profit margin for most independent film distribution companies. 

If People Don’t See It, Your film has no impact.

If you want to make some revolutionary avant-garde piece, you’re going to have an uphill battle to get people to see it.  If your work is about your strong and uncompromising vision and the statement you need the world to know, you could be doing yourself a disservice by focusing solely on the packaging you put your messaging into.  Auteurs don’t get discovered as easily as they used to, and there’s such a glut of content it’s nearly impossible to have the impact you most likely desire without traditional distribution infrastructure behind you.  Of course, there are exceptions, but they tend to involve years of building your own audience which can detract from the work that drives you to the point of burnout if you’re not careful.  

Instead of banging your head against the wall trying to make your film exactly as you want to, you should consider boiling down your message to its core and then creating a story that fits into a strong, marketable genre in order to at least plant the seeds of your message for when you come back to the message film you initially needed to make.  It could likely be a faster path to your end goal and will help you combat the issues inherent to my next point. 

Tastemaker Fatigue is Real. 

We as tastemakers, programmers, gatekeepers, buyers, distributors, and whoever else needs to review unreleased movies often have limited time and mental energy to get through our stack of submissions that piles much higher than you would ever expect if you haven’t seen it in person.  First-round programmers at most of the top 10 major film fests have to say no to at least 9 out of 10 submissions.  This means that they look for any possible reason to say no and when they find it, they put it on the poo poo pile.  

Even if it makes the most timely possible statement and would get programmed if you don’t know somebody who can get you to a final stage programmer directly, the odds are not in your favor.  The only way you can get an advocate like that is if you’ve been in the festival before or you attract a talented producers rep or distribution executive to champion your project.  Generally, for those people to be your champion your work needs to be commercial.  

Commercial doesn’t mean Crap

So what am I advocating for here?  Do I want you to make the same old bloody, gore-y, craptacular boobfest of a horror movie?  No, I’m not saying that.  Well, unless you want to.  If you do, it will get distribution, I might even help.

Defalcating Dung beetles!  I just went against my own point for a shill and a bit.  Let’s try again.  

The commercial doesn’t NECESSARILY mean Crap

No one will tell you that every overtly commercial film is a masterpiece of cinema.  There have been quite a lot of major blockbusters that turn out to be stinky bowel movements.  What I am saying is that if you have a message you want to get out to the masses, one of the best ways to do that is to insert that message into a broader story that meets genre guidelines.  Bryan Singer’s X-Men has strong undercurrents of self-acceptance and coming out in a time where that wasn’t really acceptable in a movie targeted at Teenagers.  James Cameron’s Aliens is an Allegory for the War in Vietnam, and Stanley Kubrik’s The Shining is a tale of the fate of indigenous people and the increasingly aggressive subjugation they faced.  

I doubt anyone out there would say that those movies or those messages would be considered shitty examples of cinema or messages, and almost anyone would consider them strong examples of highly commercial genre films.  But that’s just one executive producer’s opinion.  If you want more of my opinion, you should join my mainlining list via the button below.  You’ll get monthly content digests to help you continue to learn on a manageable schedule.  You’ll also get a FREE e-book, white paper, and some really useful templates to help you finance your film. Check it out via the link below. 

Check the tags below for more, related content!

How to Finance your Documentary

It’s hard to find reliable information on film financing.  I’ve written a fair amount about independent film financing for narrative projects.  Since writing those blogs and doing numerous presentations on the topic, I’ve gotten a lot of questions on how to finance documentaries.  Since I haven’t seen a good guide, I thought I’d write one.  Here’s a step by step guide on financing documentaries.

1. Establish a deep connection with the audience that cares DEEPLY about your message.

Authenticity has been become incredibly important in all aspects of making your living as a filmmaker, journalist, or content creator of any kind.  As documentaries are primarily message films, authenticity and accuracy are even more important than they would be in your standard genre picture.  A deep understanding of the subject matter you’re tackling is absolutely vital for documentaries, as documentaries tend to rely much more heavily on word of mouth and community involvement than traditional narrative films.  

The primary goal you should have when establishing yourself within this community is to speak authentically about the community in your film. By doing this, you will most likely also establish credibility with the audience that is most likely to shout about your film when it comes out.  As a bonus, through the process of establishing a deep connection with the subject matter, you are likely to find good subjects to interview for your documentary.   

2. Get a fiscal sponsor

A fiscal sponsor is a non-profit organization that can extend its non-profit status to your simple for-profit entity allowing you to take tax-deductible donations, which can greatly help you raise donations from friends, family, and even certain crowdfunding platforms.  They’ll normally take a fee of between 4% and 9%, but they’ll increase your close rate dramatically.  Additionally, unless you are a non-profit, you’ll most likely need a fiscal sponsor in order to apply for grants.  

3. Apply for relevant grants

Next, you should start applying for grants.  You don’t need to limit yourself to filmmaking grants, you can also apply to grantors that tackle the subject matter you’re planning on documenting.  So long as those foundations and grantors back projects to build awareness there’s a good chance you’ll be eligible for those grants.  I wrote another blog with the help of one of the fundraisers for Slamdance a while back, you’ll find it below.

You should start applying for grants once a month as soon as you can.

Related: 5 Rules for Grantwriting.

4.  Confirm one high-profile expert in your field to give yourself legitimacy

Now it’s time to start shooting your film.  Confirm an interview with an expert, possibly using the connections you’ve developed back in step one.  Otherwise, reaching out to universities that have programs related to your subject matter is a generally good bet.  Most of the time, you shouldn’t need to pay the academics or many of the other experts who might be interviewed for the documentary. For them, it’s good press to build their legitimacy and public profile.

5.  Prepare a crowdfunding campaign

This is another reason Step 1 is to ingratiate yourself in a community.  If you’re a known entity in that community, your chances of success are much better and the amount you’ll be able to raise is much higher.  While this is harder than it once was, it’s nearly impossible if you’re not an established part of the community.

Here’s a blog on a crowdfunding timeline.  

Related: Crowdfunding Timeline for Filmmakers

6. Get a few more experts in your network to give interviews

Ramp up your production and get a decent portion of the film shot and start to find the narrative throughline for the finished piece.  You will want to start charting this path as you shoot, as it can help guide you through future interviews or even re-interviews if you can.  

7. Launch your crowdfunding campaign. 

You do that after the first expert as if you’re doing it properly, you should be able to use a portion of the interview as an immediate delivery once the campaign closes.  If you have multiple experts at this point, you’ll have some degree of legitimacy that you could turn into a short as one of the major funding levels.

Even after you raise the money you need for your main round, you should continue to apply for grants on a monthly basis.  The reason n why will become clear later. 

Here’s a blog on the dos and don’ts for pushing your movie on social media.  I wrote it after a few too many people sent me auto DMs.

Related: 5 Dos and Don’ts for Selling Your Film Online.

8. Get a few higher profile influencers in the documentary.

If you get a few subjects in the documentary with some degree of a following, it will likely help boost the visibility of the documentary once it’s getting ready to come out.

9. Release regular updates on social media

If you make sure to release updates and engage with your following on the goings on of the documentary you’ll be much better able to keep in the consciousness of your community which will make a rather large difference when it comes time to distribute your project.

10. Make sure you keep your backers informed.

Take what you’re doing on social media, and give more depth and detail as to the goings on of the project, as well s content to the people who have supported you financially. There are a couple of ways you can do this, the simplest is to continually communicate through whatever platform you originally crowdfunded through.

11. Keep applying for Grants, but now focus on finishing funds.

Applying for grants isn’t something you should have stopped doing, but at this point in the cycle, you should be applying for grants to finish your movie rather than develop or shoot it.  If you’ve consistently been applying all this time, you’re more likely to succeed at this point as you may well be starting to re-apply for the same grants you didn’t get last time.  

12. Launch a secondary crowdfunding campaign for finishing funds

This is part of why you’ve continued to stay in touch with the people who backed your first campaign, as it’s much more likely they’ll come back for your next round if they’re happy with your communication skills as well as the progress you’ve made.  

13. Ramp up the content you’re releasing

Before you may have released photos from interviews on social media, and teasers to your backers.  Now you may want to release teasers on social media and short interview clips to your backers.  You don’t want to release anything that will give too much away, but you want to build buzz and have a deep engagement with your backers.  You want them to feel like they made your movie possible.  In a very real way, they did, and they may have gotten you to the finishing line. 

14. Apply for impact grants

Impact grants focus on getting the film out and into the world.  They cover things like festival submission, travel, and other costs related to marketing and distribution.  You should start applying for these grants when you hit picture lock.  

NOW THAT YOU’VE FINISHED MAKING THE FILM…

15.  Hire a publicist (If you can)

Publicity isn’t cheap, but it is one of the best ways to build both the profile of your film and of you as a filmmaker.  Getting press early on will help you in the next parts of your process.

16. Apply to festivals

Now that the film is done, you should start applying to relevant festivals.  If you’ve already gotten some press coverage, you’re more likely to get in, however, the time your publicist will be of the most use is during your festival rune.

17. Get a Lawyer, and get them to do an E&O Coverage letter.

If you didn’t already have a lawyer, get one now.  A lot of lawyers will do some pro-bono work for documentary filmmakers as a public service, so don’t hesitate to ask.  Along with being a steadfast advisor, they’ll also have the ability to write a fair use clearance letter which will enable you to buy E&O Coverage if and when you need it.  Also, you should really have a lawyer on call when you move on to step 18. 

18. Get a producers rep, or sales agent and distributor

Finally, you should make sure to start reaching out to producers reps sales agents, and distributors as soon as you can after submitting to festivals.  Some of us can help make sure you get into bigger and better festivals, but any reputable person with these titles has a much better chance of getting you a profitable distribution deal on platforms 

After the success I’ve seen from one film I both repped and distributed film Queen of the Capital, I’ve recently started putting a greater emphasis on documentaries, since my direct contacts in that area have grown significantly.  You can learn more about Guerrilla Rep Media Services film below.

Thanks so much for reading, if you liked this content, please share it.  Also, join my mailing list for some great resources including a festival brochure template, ebook, and a whole lot more.

Check the tags. Below for more content

7 Things I Learned as CEO of a US Film Distributor

If you’re reading this, you might already know that I founded and lead a company called Mutiny Pictures.  That company has since sold to Bayview Entertainment. Given I’ve been a producer’s rep for quite a while, I thought I was prepared to step up to leading a team to take films to market directly, I found that while I was up to the task there was still quite a lot of personal growth involved for myself and every level of the team. This is to be expected out of any new venture.  Here are some of the biggest things that I personally learned throughout running a US Distribution company.  

(Almost) Nobody pays on time.

Filmmakers often complain about Sales agents and Distributors not paying on time.  While it goes without saying that there are a lot of shady, dishonest sales agents and distributors out there, I was surprised exactly how few reputable companies did not pay on time.  Given that when it comes to film distribution and international sales all stakeholders are part of the same waterfall or pay chain, if one stakeholder is paid late that eventually means that the filmmaker is paid late. We can’t pay you money we don’t have.   

So if you’re a filmmaker reading this, you should know that just because your sales agent is late on their reports doesn’t mean they’re not being honest with you.  It also doesn’t mean that they’re the reason you’re being paid late.  It’s entirely possible that possible their vendor, supplier, or other provider hasn’t paid them yet. 

That said, they should still communicate with you about when this is happening, and if they’re paying late you should still be tracking it as much as you can.  

Analytics and Reporting really, REALLY suck at every level of the distribution.

Given I do other forms of online and affiliate marketing and used to run marketing for a tech startup, I was utterly flabbergasted by the utter disgrace that is analytics around digital film marketing.  In most industries related to digital marketing, the insights are nearly immediate.  However, If you deal with a servicer or aggregator, they often won’t give you any level of real-time insight.  The best most do is once a week, which is nearly meaningly when it comes to agile marketing practices.  

I did find a workaround for my clients, so I’ll share it here.  If you’re a filmmaker and want better insights, sign up for the Amazon affiliate program and use those links to your film to market it. This is less about the few extra cents you get from pushing your work and more about real-time sales insights.  It can cause some issues around online postings and social media algorithms though, so it’s not a perfect system.  I’d love better suggestions in the comments if anyone has any.

Insurance and legal paperwork are way more of the job than you realize.

This wasn’t exactly a surprise.  At its core, film distribution and international sales are businesses based almost entirely around tracking rights and trading signatures on paper.  is entirely about buying and selling intangible rights restricted by non-physical attributes like territory, right types, region, and other highly specific terms of art.  It’s easy to mess this up, so it only makes sense to have solid insurance coverage.  What I didn’t expect was how many hours in my standard week were around litigious paperwork around insurance, compliance, reporting, and proposals, as opposed to growing the business. 

Additionally, you as a filmmaker will need to provide a lot of insurance paperwork.  

You have to pitch earlier than you think.

If you want to have a film on all major TVOD platforms, you generally need to have them pitched/placed 5-6 months ahead of the date.  You can do it in 3 months on a rush job.  This was surprising given I submitted my first book for publishing less than 3 days before it was available on Amazon.  If you sell to an SVOD outlet, they normally require delivery at least 3-6 months in advance as well, and they’ll either pay over the course of the license or a set period after the license begins.  

Payouts take longer than you think.

Reporting is one thing, payment is another.  Most platforms only pay quarterly, and they pay 30 days after the end of the quarter.  There has recently been an additional 90-day delay that was initially for COVID, but that seems to be less of an issue than it used to be.  Additionally, they won’t pay for partial quarters, meaning if you launched in February, you won’t get any data from a lot of platforms until August or even November. If there’s a service involved, you might get an additional 30-day delay.  

This makes it really hard to run a business, and the only thing you can really do is use a different aggregator or servicer.  You can supplement this with direct vendor payments from streamers and physical media outlets, but those are only getting more difficult to place.  There are very few companies that are occupying the servicer or aggregator space in the market, and unfortunately, the ones with the greatest physical reach tend to also have the worst reporting timelines.  

There’s a great amount of room for an aggregator with fast recording and greater ability for brick-and-mortar physical releases.  However, given the rapid decline of physical media, there might not be time for such a company to access that window before it closes forever.  

The industry still operates on a tentpole model.  

The sad truth of the matter is that on the ultra-low budget scale, only about 2 or 3 in 10 movies make money.  If your sales agency or distributor is made up of really good curators, you might be able to get that to 4 or even 5 out of 10.  If you’re hitting that high, most industry people will be amazed.   If you’re running a distribution company, this means you either need to be exceptionally picky and run a very lean company, or you need to take everything you can and see what sticks.  I’ve written another piece on this going into more detail. 

Producers get in their own way a lot.

I said earlier that it’s no secret that there are a lot of shady sales agents and distributors out there.  That said, not all filmmakers are saints either.  Some filmmakers are a complete joy to work with, but others will second guess everything you do and think that the only film that you should ever focus on is theirs.  

I had a filmmaker say precisely that to my face.  We got tons of press for this person, but nobody wanted to watch it and the film tanked.  When this filmmaker wasn’t getting the returns they expected they started taking up a ton of time in angry calls and emails.  This reduced A LOT of my available time to actually get their film out there, which further impacted the returns and became a vicious cycle.  

Marketing a movie is best when it’s a partnership between the filmmakers and the distributor.  In general, you should discuss when you’re making any level of announcement with your distributor so that it can make the biggest possible splash.  It’s generally unwise to drop assets like posets and trailers without talking to your distributor, as you may ruin potential exclusive press drops.  Worse, if you put your film up in various territories through self-distribution channels, it could cost you thousands or tens of thousands of dollars in lost revenue.  Even if you can take a film down, most buyers won’t want it if it’s already been placed on any platforms in their region. I could go on about this for a while, so I’m going to leave it for another blog.  

This is a collaborative process, so they’re definitely give and take, but keep in mind there’s probably a reason you didn’t self-distribute and instead decided to work with your distributor.

In the end, this is a relationship business.  If your distributor likes you, they’re more likely to go the extra mile for you.  That’s a reality of human nature. If you want your distributor to like you, you might want to grab my free IndieFilm business resource package as it’s got lots of goodies to help make marketing your movie easier for all involved.  The resource pack got templates for contacting distributors, and tracking that contact so you don’t bug them, an e-book on the film business, and a whitepaper on the metrics of the film industry.  Plus, you’ll get monthly content digests to help you better understand the industry in a manageable way and occasion updates on new releases, courses, workshops, and announcements from Guerrilla Rep Media.  Check it out below.

Check the Tags below for more related Content

How COVID-19 Affected the Indie Film Industry

Many Filmmakers, like everyone else affected by COVID-19, are itching for some level of a return to normalcy.  Unfortunately, like many others think that there may never be a full return to normal.  It may well end up as a pre-COVID and a Post COVID period.  Similar to how the world changed before and after the great depression, 9/11, The internet, or World War II.  Societal traumas tend to leave lasting scars, and that tends to effect the market as a whole and certain industries in meaningful ways.  So let’s look at what one executive producer thinks is likely to happen in the film industry as a result.

2023 Update: I put some self-reflection on this blog commenting on how I think my predictions were, and adding more context to what’s happening in 2024 and beyond.

1. The Majors will bounce back quickly

Historically, the film is industry mildly reversely dependent on the economy.  It remains one of the cheapest ways to get out and one of the best ways for families to bond while in isolation.  The most unpredictable part about this recession’s likely impact on the film industry is the much greater presence of free or cheap entertainment options available right now as compared to the past. 

In any case, A significant amount of the pain that’s likely to be felt from this crash is going to be on the lower end of the spectrum.  Right now many of the major studios are already gearing up for their next projects since the projects they have will either be released ahead of schedule while people are quarantined or they’ll need to find alternative release plans. 

2023 Update: This was right. The majors bounced back quickly. They may not bounce back as quickly from the strikes though.

2. Freelancers will be hurt in the short term.

There’s no sugarcoating this.  Freelancers are going to be hurt in the short term.  Government stimulus may help, but won’t solve the issue.  If you’re in a position to help out by hiring someone to help with your web maintenance or other jobs they can do in isolation, you should do so. 

As this crisis continues to drag on, it’s really important we band together as a community and help each other to get work made, even if it ends up making many of us less money than it normally would. 

2023 Update: I was wrong, it wasn’t just freelancers that were hurt. As Aide dries up we’re likely to see a lot more pain on the lower 3 quintiles of the economic spectrum. I think this will hurt the entertainment industry as we’re a mass-market product that still only makes significant margins from transactional sales. I’m not sure film is still reversely dependent on the economy, and I’d write a blog about it if someone comments.

3. SVOD Surge

Given people are going to be locked at home with less money than normal and lots of time, we can expect to see viewership and subscriptions to Subscription Video on Demand platforms go up significantly.  Not all of these new subscribers will cancel when we return to the new normal.  I’m not the only one seeing this, it looks like development and acquisitions are on the rise form many of these people. 

It’s very possible that the balance of power between distributors and creators could see a minor shift in the coming months as distributors are going to need more content and the current embargo on production in many states, regions, and territories might cut down on the glut of content that’s been driving down acquisition prices recently. ​

2023 Update: The consolidation in streaming platforms ended up keeping license fees for the major streamers as low as they were pre-pandemic. It’s unlikely that trend will get much better any time soon.

4. AVOD Surge

Given the general financial issues that were facing the majority of Americans prior to this recession, many may seek to cut recurring subscription services.  This may well give rise to AVOD platforms like TubiTV and PlutoTV.  I bet Fox is really happy that they bought Tubi right about now. 

2023 Update: This was very much true, but the amount of consolidation in the AVOD space is looking like there will be a royalty cut due in part to advertisers tightening their belts. This will cause a lot of problems for indie productions.

5. TVOD Plummets

Transactional VOD hasn’t been healthy for quite a while.  If people are hurting for money, it’s unlikely they’ll continue to buy movies one at a time when there are so many films that are available for free or with a low subscription cost.  This might not happen immediately, but as the crisis wears on and belts get tighter the TVOD crunch might well continue to worsen. 

2023 Update: This one was right on the money. IT’s a rough time for micro-budget films outside of SVOD and AVOD.

6. ​Presale Surge

Given that we’re likely to see a surge in demand for content right as equity markets are drying up we may well see a surge in presales from distributors in order to fill the gap.  This is somewhat speculative, but there is ample historical precedent, most recently in 2008 after the economic meltdown.  However, it should be noted this can only go so far given production embargos. 

2023 Update: Presales did surge, and they’re still growing for small and midsize films. I’m negotiating a few right now.

7. Theaters may fold at a high rate

Theaters have been in trouble for quite a while.  Independent theaters have been very hard hit, but even giants like AMC may end up closing many of their locations instead of re-opening them.  The possible Amazon Acquisition of AMC is really quite interesting for the entire landscape. Drive-throughs also seem to be seeing a bit of a resurgence.

​2023 Update: Some indies folded, the chains largely survived, although some smaller chains took a haircut. Luckily, theatrical exhibition is still around.

8. Rise of legal simulstreaming

People are feeling lonely and isolated.  Film is an inherently social medium.  Given we can’t go to the theater as we did before, we might end up seeing the rise of simulcasts for consumers to watch content with their friends.  This is something that happened with the Netflix computer App, and Alamo Drafthouse starting virtual streamings limited to certain territories is quite an interesting development. 

2023 Update: Sadly I was wrong about widespread simulstreaming, but I am aware that it happened with families via zoom a lot at peak quarantine.

9. Death of DVD greatly Hastened

It’s no secret that physical media (DVD/Blu-Ray) has been in trouble for a while now.  Now that it’s been confirmed COVID-19 can live on plastic (like a DVD case) for several days, I can see consumers being even more hesitant to buy movies like this when there are so many options available on Streaming for free. 

2023 Update: I was right about this one, although there’s a bit of a nostalgic re-emergence of rental stores going on so there may still be a very limited niche market for physical media.

10. Easier Microbudget sales for a time.

I’ll end on a cheerier note for Most of my readers.  Acquisitions seem to be picking up since so many catalogs are being watched much more quickly than originally expected.  This spells an opportunity for many filmmakers.  

2023 Update: It was easy for a little bit, but the WGA (And probably SAG) strike may still represent an opportunity for micro-budget filmmakers. That said, I stand in solidarity with the Union and I think the cause is just, but I don’t really think micro-budget films are similar enough to be called competition, so let’s get those low-budget films out there so we can swell the ranks of the guilds.

If you want someone to help you sell your movie, track down a presale, or strategize how to market your movie Check out Guerrilla Rep Media Services below.

Also If you’re not convinced about Guerrilla Rep Media Services yet, grab my Free Film Business Resource pack for an ebook, a whitepaper, an investment deck template, and a whole lot more.

Check out the tags below for more related content.

How to Raise Development Funds for your Feature Film.

Pretty much every filmmaker wants to find money to make their movie.  Unfortunately, many don’t quite realize that in order to raise the kind of money you need to make anything above a micro-budget movie, you’ll generally need a lot already in place.  It’s something of a catch-22.  Investors need name talent to market the film, and distribution to make it available.  Distributors need name talent and a tested team to give any meaningful commitments, and name taken need to know they’ll be paid.  There are ways around all of this, but generally, they require money upfront.  This blog is about how you raise it.

​Unfortunately, there isn’t a magic bullet on any level of film funding.  The best I can do is offer you tools and tactics to use to increase your chances of success.  You will probably need more than one of these tools to get the job done.
​

Don't want to read? Check out the video on this topic below

​Crowdfunding

Let’s get this one out of the way fast.  Crowdfunding CAN be great for filmmakers not only as a way to raise partial funding, but also to engage yourself with your audience and provide market validation for both investors and distributors/sales agents.  That said, it’s not without its drawbacks.  Using crowdfunding as an early-stage race tool can cause your donors to question whether or not you’ll be able to get the whole film done.  If you can’t, it can lead to problems.  (Extra special shoutout to my patrons here, since we’re talking about crowdfunding.)

Friends and Family

I know, I know.  This is the oldest piece of advice in the book.  But, there’s a reason it’s still around.  Your friends and family are (hopefully) among the people who are most likely to back and support you in this endeavor.  If they’re like mine were when I was starting out, while they may be willing to help and actively want you to succeed, they’ll still need some proof it’s possible.  However, the proof they’re like to need will probably be something easier to get than an investor would need. These 

Equity

But Ben, didn’t you just say that you need more in place to get an investor?  Yes and no.  In order to raise a large round, you’ll need a lot in place, but if you’re only focusing on a smaller round you can get by with less.  It is important to properly structure this investment though.  You’ll either need to offer a more substantial stake in the company for the bigger risk taken for investing earlier, or you’ll need to do some other investment vehicle like Convertible debt.

Even at this stage, if you want to raise money from investors you’re going to need to create an independent film investment deck. You can learn more about it in this blog, or you can grab a template for free in my film business resource package in the button below.

Grants

Grants are great in that they don’t require you to pay back the money so long as you only use it for its intended purpose.  They’re not so great in that they generally take a long time to be approved for the money, and you’re generally facing significant competition particularly for development stage grants. 

Soft Costs and Deferrals

This essentially means calling in every favor you have to make sure that you have the best chance possible to succeed in developing a package for your film.  This isn’t going to carry you the whole way though.  Most people who do this for a living don’t work purely on a deferral or commission basis.  I’m including myself in this, although I do defer a large portion of my fees and take on as much as I can on commission. 

That said, while the higher-level connectors, Producers, Executive Producers, and the like are generally unwilling to work on a purely deferral or commission basis, the friends you need to make a great crowdfunding video, concept trailer, or something similar might not be.  Getting their buy-in might help you make it to the next level.
​

Skin in the Game

Finally, we come down to the ever-present fallback of funding the development round yourself.  This is generally the fasted way to complete the round, but it has the obvious drawback of needing deep enough pockets to just shell out and pay the money you need to get it done. 

I know all of this is really hard to grasp, and quite frankly it’s a lot.  While I do consult on this sort of stuff, I’m not cheap. (with good reason.) I try to make a lot of information available through my site, but there are times that you just kind of need someone to answer your questions and re-orient you.  As such, I’ve decided to start a special mentorship group. 

This special training group gets you access to additional content, an exclusive discussion group, and most importantly weekly group video calls where I’ll answer your questions personally, and occasionally bring on people who would also be of benefit to the group’s needs.  Click the button below to go to a form and express interest in this group.  Spots are limited.

Also, don’t forget about the Free indiefilm business resource package to get your free Investment deck template, e-book, white-paper, and more. .

Thanks so much for reading.  Please share it! Also click the buttons below for more free content.

What Screenplays are Studios ACTUALLY Buying?

If you’re a screenwriter, you have two options.  Produce it yourself, or option your work to a producer.  In order to option your work, you need to understand who is going to buy your movie.  Unfortunately, there’s more bad and incomplete information than there is good information out there.  Recently, a client of mine forwarded an email he got back from a contact in Hollywood who worked as a script doctor.  This email epitomized that bad information, so I thought I’d redact any contact information and publish it for others to learn from as well.  (I did check with my client first, and he was good with it.)

Here’s what the script doctor said Hollywood wanted.  Their responses in title, mine in the paragraphs following.

1. Contained Thriller or Horror: ideally one location about 5-8 actors (no A-listers needed). This is most scripts being bought or sold these days.

These are great if you’re producing the film yourself and looking to do it as cheaply as possible.  Films like this can be shot on the cheap, so it's significantly easier to produce them. Given that horror or thriller movies are less execution or name-talent dependent they have a greater chance to sell on the strength of the genre alone. Given that, such producers are more interested in them.  Unfortunately, these are the vast majority of the films made every year that find some degree of place in the market which has resulted in a massive glut in the market and each film makes next to nothing. 

I know this because I've repped several of them.  Most times the script doctors don’t actually know how the producers or production company end up getting paid, as the writers (and ESPECIALLY "Script Doctors”) are paid up-front

More than 20,000 films are made in the US every year, at most 10% of those get distribution to any meaningful degree.  Thrillers and horror films are the only projects that have a chance at getting into that to 10% without IP or Talent, but in the end you still end up competing with 2,000 other films, most of which have better assets and positioning than you do.  This is why I'm increasingly advocating other paths forward.

In general, the only way this is advantageous is if you produce it yourself.  We're doing family films because that's what most every buyer wants right now, and there's an easier pipeline to follow that has a better chance of success if it gets done.  ​

2. Something with an existing IP. A novel, a graphic novel/comic book, a short story, a short film... anything that already has a fan base or following ideally.

This is why I’m currently helping a client option the rights to some books, as it's the most reliable path to success even if its slightly longer path it is a better chance at success.  If you want to get a film made first to make that part easier, it is a viable path.  However, if you want to raise a larger amount of money so your film has a better chance at finding a bigger distributor and bigger audience, then you’ll need some level of recognizable IP.  I heard Brett Ratner say in an interview at AFM several years back that if he was just starting out what he’d do is read voraciously and find the newest up-and-coming IPs.  To option and use to build an audience.  The alternative is to generate your own IP, but that in itself is a very long road fraught with danger, as this video from Lindsay Ellis illustrates very well. 

RELATED VIDEO: HOW TO GET YOUR BOOK PUBLISHED IN 10 YEARS OR LESS!

Also: HA! He thinks expanded short films sell.  That hasn't really been true for more than a decade since the amount of ready-to-sell feature films being made has ballooned, in fact, it's almost like features are the new shorts in terms of distribution revenue.  But that's a topic for another day.

3. A specific character piece for an actor looking to stretch themselves. If you’ve got a character-driven piece and can get an A-list actor attached because it is something they haven’t done before, you’re good to go.

I heard this a lot in film school, but the real-world applications are limited.  That is to say, while there is a kernel of truth in this concept, when it comes down to the implementation it's really more a platitude or truism at this point.  There’s a strong case to be made that casting against type has its merit.  The issue is that in general, the only way you can make it work is if you have a direct path to the name talent you want to talk to, and even then you have to get lucky and catch them at the right time. There are reasons I know this that I can’t publicly say…

4. Anything that will do well overseas. With China eating up all of our movies, they need scripts that are, fun, fast, action-packed and translate well and easily (aka not a lot of dialogue).

Again, something of a platitude or truism.  Of course, you have to think about overseas, which is one big reason that comedies and dramas are complete no gos. The books below go into that in more detail than I can in a blog. (yes, there are affiliate fees, but it's only pennies and I picked the books custom for this blog.)

That’s the basics right now. Of course, the caveat is if you write a brilliant script, it doesn’t matter what genre it is, but in reality, your chances of having it made, sold, and even optioned are very difficult roads ahead.

And here's the crux of the disagreement with this script doctor.  The brilliant script isn't so much as a way of breaking through any of the other things you need to be listed above, it's more a prerequisite to succeeding with any of them.  We all hear stories of films making it through the studio system, but these are the exceptions, not the rules.  

If selling your script doesn’t seem worth it, you’ll need to produce it yourself. You’ll probably need money to do that. If you want to raise money, you’ll need a myriad of documents, starting with an investment deck. My Free indiefilm resource pack has you covered with a template for that, as well as a free e-book, whitepaper, and a bunch of other templates too. Snag it for free in the button below. Thanks for reading, and if you liked it, please share it with someone who needs to know about selling their script.

Check the tags below for related content!

18 Steps to GROW your Filmmaking from Shorts to Features

Every filmmaker wants to see their work on the big screen.  However, given the state of the indie film theatrical market, very few filmmakers can pull it off outside of the festival circuit.  Especially for their first films.   It requires a lot of skill, and an idea that appeals to a wide audience, ideally an audience you already have an in with.  So how do you scale your films to that point?  Well, this blog can get you started.

In order to get a theatrical run for your film in today’s day and age, you need a distinctive voice, flawless technical execution, great writing, an audience you know how to reach, and some level of recognizable name talent.  But those things don’t come cheap.  Here’s a roadmap starting with what you can start as soon as you finish reading this blog. 

1. WATCH A LOT OF MOVIES.

I know, this is about filmmaking, but in order to develop your voice you need to consume the work of others.  If you consume the work of others, you’ll find things to emulate.  There’s no reason not to do this.  Many professional filmmakers I know try to watch 2 movies they have not seen a week and at least 2 movies they have seen in order to revisit and better understand the craft. 

2. MAKE SHORTS AS QUICKLY AND CHEAPLY AS YOU CAN

In order to develop both your Voice and your skills, you need to churn out some content.  Assuming you’re working full-time, you may want to try to make 12 limited to no budget shorts in a year.  One per month.  This will let you hone your skills and develop your work.  Don’t spend any money on this. 

3. GET CRITIQUE ON YOUR WORK.

The Filmmakers Subreddit as well as many groups on Facebook offer the ability to share your work for the purpose of critique.  Getting critique from other filmmakers will help you both develop your network, as well as your skills.  This can be a tricky prospect, but I've seen some decent feedback happening on the R/Filmmakers Subreddit.

4. SCALE UP FOR A BIG SHORT.

Now that you’ve honed your craft and developed your voice, you should try to make something of a calling card.  This time, instead of spending a month on it, spend 3 months on it.  Limit yourself to a few locations, but get a bigger crew and spend a little money on this.  Continue to grow your presence on social media while you’re at it.

5. SUBMIT THAT SHORT TO FESTIVALS TO BUILD YOUR BRAND.

You need more than rapid iterations to scale your brand.  You also need validation.  Start submitting to local fests so you can attend them and build your network.  As you’re submitting, make sure to continue to build your brand and your engagement on social media.  Do everything you can to get press once you get into festivals.  You probably won’t get major press, but you should definitely reach out to the smaller local papers. 

RELATED - 6 Rules for contacting Press 

6. START WRITING YOUR FIRST FEATURE, WEB SERIES, OR OTHER SALABLE PRODUCT.

As you’re doing this, start fleshing out the concept for something bigger. Something more than skill building.  Something you can actually sell.

7. AFTER YOUR FESTIVAL RUN IS DONE, DO ONE LAST SHORT.

This one is for all the marbles.  Make the short in the same genre and generally same feel as your feature.  It doesn’t have to be a proof of concept short, or the short to get the feature financed, it has to show you can pull off a feature.  Spend between 3 and 6 months making it perfect. 

8. SUBMIT THE FILM TO GENRE FESTIVALS AND BIGGER FESTIVALS.

Now that you’ve got what will (hopefully) be your last ever short, time to start making relevant contacts in the corner of the industry you seek to inhabit.  Submit your film to the relevant festivals, including one or two big ones then finish your big project script.

9. CROWDFUND YOUR NEXT BIG THING.

Yeah yeah yeah.  I know everyone hates crowdfunding.  However, if you do it right, you can fund a large portion of your movie for free, and get a huge piece of validation to help you, close distributors and investors.

10. SHOOT AND EDIT A FEATURE FILM

Expect this to take a year, but make sure you finish it well and in a technically adept way so that you can get distribution.

11. SUBMIT THE FILM TO ALL THE FESTIVALS YOU GOT INTO BEFORE, PLUS THE MAJORS

The reason you did your last two festivals was to make contacts, time to start calling them in.  Submit your film, and travel to all the ones you can.  Only wait for one major before giving your premier to a tier 2 festival. 

12. GET DISTRIBUTION FOR YOUR FEATURE OR WEBSERIES

This product won’t do you much good if no one can buy it.  Distribution is hard though and it helps to have good people on your team.  If you’re already here, check out my submissions portal through the button below.

13. MARKET YOUR WORK

After the festival run is done, make sure you work with your distributor market your movie. If they’ll let you this process will take a while

14. REPEAT STEPS 9-13

Make another feature.  If you can, double the budget.  Go back to the same people you worked with before if you liked them and they did well. ​

15. MAKE A BRAND FOR YOUR COMPANY

You should also consider monetizing your intellectual property in another way, like starting to brand your production company by creating T-Shirts for your crews, and other perch for your friends.

RELATED: 4 Reasons Niche Marketing is VITAL to your Indiefilm Success

16. HELP OTHERS MAKE THEIR FIRST FEATURE

If you want to be successful you’ll need to have a strong network and weird considerable influence.  No one can survive as an island in this industry, and helping others build their resumes and work can pay huge dividends.
​

17. GET AN AGENT, OR REPEAT STEPS 9-13

If you want to scale up, you’ll need help.  An agent can help you immensely.  You’ll need to live in a hub to get one, or at least have a MAJOR win at some film festivals. 

18.  RINSE AND REPEAT STARTING WITH STEP 9. 

Unfortunately, there isn’t a single roadmap to make this work. No one could give an 18-step process for foolproof success in any industry, and the film industry is particularly tricky.

The best we can do is more a flowchart and a series of steps until you can catch a big break. The real key is making a sustainable life while you wait for that break. It’s not easy, but it can be possible.   

If you liked this, share it. It helps a lot.  Also, sign up for my mailing list to get a bunch of free goodies including an ebook, whitepaper, investment deck template, festival brochure template, and a whole lot more. Get it today!

Check out the tags below for related content.

How and Why to treat your Production Company Like a Small Business.

Last week we talked about the 4 major types of Media Entrepreneurship, so this week I thought I’d expand on the most common production company that my readers seem to run.  That’s the small production company that they hope to scale into something bigger.  Here’s why your production company is a small business, and how to treat it like one so you can see it grow.

1. ACCEPT YOU HAVE A SMALL BUSINESS

The film is both a business and an Art.  The two don’t have to be enemies and work much better together.  For more on what I mean, click the related link below.  I have a different point to make here.

While this may seem like the goal is to become a more scalable startup, in reality, it’s probably more like a small business that may grow to a medium business in time.  You’re unlikely to be able to use high-growth strategies like Silicon Valley Tech Startups to grow your business from a prototype to a highly used platform.  The requirements are different, and the film is less suited to iterations than software and apps are.

As such, if you’re a filmmaker, you probably have a small business.  Small businesses grow slowly over time by growing their audience and scaling up their offerings as revenue and investments allow.  If you want to grow your production company as you would a small business, start by making one great film and then make a bigger and better one once you’ve found your audience.

2. BUILD & ENGAGE WITH YOUR AUDIENCE

If you want to build a business, among the most important things to have are customers.  For filmmakers, this means having a deeply engaged audience and creating content for them on a regular basis.  Part of that is creating a genuine presence on social media, but the more important part is continually creating products for that audience to give them a reason to keep coming back and engaging with your business. ​​​

3. INCORPORATE AUDIENCE FEEDBACK INTO YOUR WORK

If you really want your audience to keep coming back, it’s important that they feel valued.  Incorporating their feedback into your films can be a great way to greatly deepen your relationship with your audience.  This is something that Marvel has used to great effect.  Half of the Endgame was callbacks to fan-favorite moments from the other 73 1/3 movies in phases 1 to 3.

Some higher-level creators have an antagonistic relationship with their fans.  The only way you can really afford to do this is if you have the backing of a large network to make sure that people can’t forget to come back to your work.  TV Tropes calls this Phenomenon Creator Backlash. ​

4. GROW YOUR SUPPLIERS AND WHO SELLS YOUR PRODUCTS

If you’re a small business in the manufacturing sector (which you’re not far from) you need to make sure your product is available as far and wide as possible in order to continue to expose your work to a new audience and grow your potential customer base.  This means you need to partner with distributors.  Distributors have higher prestige and higher paying outlets than you can get to on your own.  Also, since they have access to those higher-level outlets, you’re more likely to be discovered through them than on other platforms that are inundated with so much content it’s unlikely anyone will discover the work that you didn’t drive there yourself. 

Yes, this will mean that you'll need to make a lower percentage of the overall sale than you would by yourself.  So long as you're dealing with reputable distributors, this is just the cost of doing business.  Publishers sell their books at a 55% discount over retail to bookstores, and most any distribution warehouse for a given good or service will also sell the product at wholesale price and take a cut before paying the manufacturer.  Again, for this to be valid, you need to have honest and accurate reporting throughout the supply chain. ​

5. DON’T FORGET WHERE YOU GOT STARTED

Never forget your early adopters. The people who were with you from the beginning. They can be your biggest supporters and greatest brand advocates if you continue to show you value them. However, they can sometimes be hard to please, as I’m sure I’ll see in the comments.  Both Starbucks and the City of Seattle will never forget that's where the chain was born.  You shouldn't forget the people who knew you when.  

Thanks so much for reading this! If you liked it, please share it. It’s extremely helpful. Also, consider joining my mailing list and in so doing get access to my indie-film business resource package. It’s got an ebook, a white paper, an investment deck template, festival brochure templates, and a whole lot more.

Check out the tags below for related content!

The 4 Types of Media Entrepreneurship

Traditionally, when we think of entrepreneurs we think of Steve Jobs starting Apple in a Garage, or Jeff Bezos Traveling across the country to raise funds while writing his business plan in the back seat of the car while his wife drove.  However, there’s more to entrepreneurship than that.  Entrepreneurs find new and novel solutions to problems by building organizations despite a huge amount of risk and uncertainty.

Since this month is Entrepreneurship Month on both this blog and the blog I run over at ProductionNext, I thought I’d start out the month with a little of an expansion of Film Entrepreneurship in general.  In this post, I’ll adapt a rather notable post by Steve Blank from a decade ago to the current landscape media entrepreneurs face, as well as where you’ll most likely find those entrepreneurs.

In his post, Steve outlines that there are 4 types of entrepreneurial organizations which are generally accepted as follows small businesses, scalable startups, large companies, and social entrepreneurs.  You can (and maybe should) read Steve’s post before reading this one.  (it’s short)

If you still don’t agree that filmmakers are entrepreneurs, I recommend you read more of my writing on that topic, in particular this blog and this blog.  While I could expand these into how other film industry stakeholders like sales agents, distributors, press, critics, or YouTubers, in the interest of keeping the scope completely addressable I’ll be working with a more traditional indie film archetype. 

Small Business Entrepreneurship Exemplified by Truly Indie Filmmakers.

According to Banks, these are the entrepreneurs who run a small businesses like a bodega or mom-and-pop shops.  They have no intention of nationwide franchises, but they still do what they can to make a living for themselves and their family.  This is where the vast majority of filmmakers are.  They’re the people wanting to do what they love and find a way to get paid for it.

The owner of the bodega must figure out who buys what from them, and the way they stay afloat is through personalized service that creates a deep connection with their customers.  Convenience also plays a factor.  They can’t compete on price alone with the huge multinational chains down the street, so they need to make sure that they offer something that the mega-chain down the road doesn’t. 

In this day and age, the job is similar for indie filmmakers.  We can’t compete with the major studios, but those studios don’t target a small niche, they target everyone who has 12 dollars.  As a result, they miss a lot of people which leaves a hole open for clever filmmakers to establish an audience, keep them engaged, and build a business for themselves. ​

Scalable Startup Entrepreneurship: Best Exemplified by Indie Filmmakers on the Traditional Studio Path.

Scalable startup Entrepreneurs are people like Steve Jobs, Mark Zuckerberg, Bill Gates, or Jeff Bezos.  They start a company from (next to) nothing, and then look to do more than address an existing need, they want to disrupt the entire system by creating a need and then filling it.  In doing so, they become mega-wealthy and change the world. 

Those starting a scalable startup are faced with an incredibly high degree of uncertainty, as well as a long road to profitability.  In general, they need significant outside funding in order to succeed.  Most of the time, they must invent something that can be patented that demonstrates a novel solution to a widespread problem with a working prototype in order to raise significant funding from institutional investors.  After that, they’ll need to take on an experienced team and specialized advisors in or If they have a track record in their industry, it helps significantly.

For filmmakers, these scalable entrepreneurs are those who have already made a successful project or two and are scaling up to make something bigger.  They’ll need to have proven themselves by getting validation either in the form of a huge engaged audience, a hugely successful film, or a Tier 1 festival win just to get their foot in the door.  Once their foot is in the door, they can then seek to raise money using their previous work or a concept trailer to raise the funds to make a much bigger movie.  In order to successfully raise those funds, they’ll need a strong package of people with specialized skills and followings of their own. ​​

Large Company Entrepreneurship: Best Exemplified by Digital Divisions of major studios & networks. 

Large company entrepreneurs are people within large organizations seeking to either create new projects that solve a need that has not yet been addressed by the company that they’re working for.  Sometimes this is achieved by creating a new division, other times it's a new product from an existing research and development division.  

A couple of examples of this would be when Intuit started what would become Quickbooks, as well as many other similar projects like Quickbooks pay, expense tracking, and what would become the among many others.  For the Film Industry, I’d say the most notable recent example would be Disney+, although the digital divisions of every major network would also qualify.  Adult Swim starts new experimental projects like this on a regular basis. 

The challenges faced by large company entrepreneurs outside the film industry are as you would expect.  With a large company comes bureaucracy, bureaucracy tends to move slowly, so adapting to change can be extremely difficult.  Funding also becomes highly political, so it can be difficult to keep projects afloat.
​
For film companies, this is extremely similar.  Much of the top brass don’t want to give up the cash cows they’ve build for risky divisions that will burn through cash and not necessarily make more of it.  Also, at least until recently many of the digital divisions were considered a career downgrade from the more traditional media divisions.  We’ll see if it remains true.

Social Entrepreneurship: best Exemplified by Documentary Filmmakers.

Social entrepreneurs who care more about the benefit of the work than the bottom line.  They don’t just want to change the world, they want to save it.  Think of Tesla, OSIGroup (Makers of the Impossible Burger) or Jinko Solar.  Similarly but on a smaller scale, there’s BiosUrns (makers of a biodegradable clay urn that grows a tree from your ashes.)

Success on this front is hindered due to the perception that it’s not much of a money maker.  It can be harder to find investors as well since you’re specifically saying profit isn’t your primary concern.  Most successful companies started with one idea that they could refine and execute before moving to other ideas that complement the same customer base.  They also are very conscientious about stating that their product does more than they provide whatever it is you bought.  There are other intangible benefits associated with the purpose that customers may consider weighing in their purchase decision.

For film, this is best exemplified by documentaries, but more recently diverse media has also been put into the spotlight in as a similar cause for social change. Documentaries are different when it comes to funding, but when they’re well done there is an addressable audience that’s hard to ignore and easy to convert.  Some movies do tree-planting campaigns with ticket sales as an additional incentive to convert, and most community screenings also benefit a non-profit organization.

Thanks so much for reading!  Let me know what you think of this in the comments, and PLEASE share It helps more than you’d think.

Also, if you would like to know more about the business of film and media, one of the best ways to do so is by joining my mailing list click the button below. It’s got a free monthly digest of educational content, a free e-book, a whitepaper, and some templates to help you raise money and market your film.

Check out the tags below for related content!

How Independent Filmmakers can THRIVE in the current distribution Marketplace.

To cap off my first-ever distribution month, I thought I’d talk a little bit about where Independent Film Distribution is heading.  Markets are going to be a big center of commerce for the film industry for a few years, but they’re going to continue to wane for the truly independent filmmakers, which means one of the biggest areas for entry for filmmakers is likely to go away.  With the fall of Distribber, and how Amazon looks like it’s going to scale back its filmmaker direct distribution programs there’s only one real path left for filmmakers.  That path is to build an audience that’s highly engaged with your content and distribute not only your film to them but other products related to your Intellectual property (IP.)

BUILD AN ENGAGED AUDIENCE

The first step in this (as I’ve brought up in at least half of the blogs this month…) is to build a highly engaged audience and following.  This is something that Youtubers have become fantastic about.  You have to have lots of touch points with your audience and provide them a perspective that they emote with but can’t find anywhere else.  By that I mean…

Create Niche Content that speaks to an underserved audience

With a massive glut of generalized content, You have to identify an underserved niche and start to make authentic, high-quality content that speaks specifically to a small niche of people.  This turns the old TV model on its head, instead of being a 6/10 for 10 people, you need to be a 10/10 for 2 people, and budget your film in such a way that you can keep your business afloat on the revenue from that much smaller audience.  Luckily, when you do this you’ll be able to successfully sell the film, as you won’t be competing as directly with outlets with huge, bland libraries. 

Think less about the format

Movies don’t just have to be 90-minute feature films any more.  If you can establish a following, keep content coming in the form of shorts, webseries, and features.  Don’t spend more time on them than you have to, but make sure that you continue to release new content to engage with your audience. 

Sell Merchandise

Once you have a dedicated following, think about ancillary ways you can monetize your brand and your content.  Bands sell T-Shirts at their shows as their primary source of revenue, and film trends tend to follow about 5-10 years behind the music industry.  You have to start building ways to monetize your Intellectual Property and your Brand beyond simply selling your movie at 3.99 a pop. 

Community Screenings

Theatrical releases are not cost-effective for many filmmakers.  Instead, you can focus on building community screenings that give your core audience a place to congregate, and if you organize them well they can also be a great place to sell merch. It’s also a great place for you as the filmmaker to Skype in and answer questions directly. 

Create Custom Experiences around your IP

Mark Cuban (former owner of Landmark Theaters and Shark on Shark Tank) is fairly well known for saying this is the future of entertainment.  It’s not always easy for Indies to commute in this space, but if you’re releasing a horror film you might consider a themed haunted house as part of a release or as part of a community screening.  There are other ways to make this work in conjunction with your core IP, but it’s difficult to scale and tends to be a custom solution for each film.

​​Thanks so much for reading!  This blog is something of a mix between a distribution blog and something to make you think a little bit more like an entrepreneur.  If you like this sort of content, make sure you come back in February for Entrepreneurship Month.  If you don’t want to miss it, make sure you subscribe to my mailing list or check out my Youtube Channel.  If you want to be extra awesome, throw me a few bucks on Patreon. Links below.

Check out the tags below for related content.

Can Independant Filmmakers Survive the Streaming Wars?

It’s no longer a controversial statement that streaming has changed the whole game for independent film distribution.  It hasn’t been controversial for quite a while.  However, it is becoming apparent that not only has streaming changed the game, it might as well have become the game, at least here in the US.  That’s not really a good thing for Indies.  Here’s why.

Streaming has made such a vast library of content available people don’t need to buy movies.

The biggest reason that Subscription Video On Demand streaming has engulfed the entire media landscape is that it’s put a giant library of films at the fingertips of anyone for only around 6-15 bucks a month for most platforms.  It’s putting entire on-demand catalogs that are even more convenient than owning a film on DVD.

It wasn’t so big a threat when there were only a few companies in the space, but once HBO blew the doors open with the launch of HBO NOW the writing was on the wall for those of us paying attention.  We all knew that Disney and Warner would follow.  With Disney+ putting a gigantic pile of legacy content on their platform, it’s going to get harder and harder for independent films to compete.

Physical Media used to be the primary way people could watch films when they felt like it.

It used to be that licensing a film to A TV station was pretty lucrative, and didn’t really affect your physical media sales.  In fact, it often increased them.  People didn’t want to have to wait around for your film to screen if they liked it, so they bought the disk.  Yet SVOD companies license a film, and for the term of the license their subscribers can just watch the film wherever, whenever they want. 

This level of convenience has made it significantly more difficult for filmmakers and distributors to sell content for a transactional fee which has a much higher margin per unit sold.  When Netflix started the game, it was still just one platform, and many people didn’t have the level of internet needed to stream without a significant amount of lag.  This result often ends up that filmmakers and distributors are left with whatever the license fee for each film is, and will see little to no revenue beyond those licenses.

It basically means that not only is streaming taking up a much bigger part of a given film’s revenue mix, it’s also shrinking the pie. 

With so many platforms and so much content, there must be lots of licenses and acquisitions being made though, right?

It depends on how you’re looking at it.  Sure, these platforms are creating massive amounts of content, and acquiring still more.  However, the price they tend to pay for acquisition is lower than you’d think, and some of the terms tend to be a bit unreasonable.  For originals, it’s a long road requiring a strong package that 95% of filmmakers will never reach. 

You might think that many new platforms are going to be looking to make even more original content in order to make sure subscribers keep paying for their content.  There’s some truth to that, but the problem is that there are so few outlets likely to survive the streaming wars that the system of gatekeepers that the streamers were supposed to break may become even fewer than they were before. 

The big problem here is that there are A LOT of these same sorts of platforms seeking the attention of an oversaturated audience and market.  The impact is that there’s a lot less money to go around for indies, and much of the consumer base is just subscribing to a few services, and not buying a lot outside of that.  So unless a filmmaker has a strong engaged audience, they’re not going to be able to compete. 

Essentially, the SVOD wars intensify the problem creators have been facing for several years, and that’s the fact that while anyone can get their film out there, getting anyone to see it is an entirely different matter. ​

It all comes back to audience engagement.

This comes back to one thing. Build and engage with your audience, and create content that speaks to them on a deep level. It needs to evoke an emotion or speak to an experience that no one else can. In order to succeed, we Indies need to defragment our market and find our tiny place in it. We don’t need to be 8 people’s 6/10, we need to be 2 people’s 10/10.

Thanks for reading. This one was more of a think piece than my general practical advice. Let me know what you thought about it in the comments. If you like this and want more, please consider joining my mailing list, you’ll also get a great film business resource pack that includes templates, a free ebook, a whitepaper, and more!

Get more related content via the tags below!

Can You Get Your Movie on Netflix or Disney+ By Yourself?

At least until recently, a lot of filmmakers assumed that they could get on any platform they needed to be on just by calling up Distribber or another aggregator like Quiver.  With the fallout of the fall of Distribber, many filmmakers are wondering what they can do for distribution.  So, I thought I’d share some knowledge as to what platforms a filmmaker can still get on themselves using aggregators like Quiver, and what platforms you’ll need an accomplished sales distributor, or producer’s rep to get on.

I’m going to break this into general media right types.  If you’re not sure what that means, learn more by clicking through to the related blog below. 

Related: Independent Film Media Right types.

Also, this analysis is based on the US Market

Theatrical

Most distributors just won’t do this for most films, however, the ones that can do it tend to either rent the theaters outright or be extremely skilled salespeople with deep connections to the booking agents for theaters who will book the films on a revenue share basis.  It's just too much work for buyers to work directly with Filmmakers in this fashion.

For filmmakers, the most economical solutions tend to be either paying to rent a theater for a few screens or using a service like Tugg, to have a screening demanded if the film has enough of a following to make it work.  I have my issues with their model, but that’s a topic for a future blog/video. 

Physical Media:

Distributors have a lot more options for physical media than filmmakers tend to.  Some distributors still replicate DVDs on a massive scale, which gives them the ability to get higher quality disks and get them into brick-and-mortar stores like Walmart, Target, Family Video, or kiosks like Redbox.  Many distribution companies also have access to libraries.  Also, Blu-Ray in general is only really available on a wide scale through a distributor.

Even if they use a Manufacture on Demand (MOD) service, they tend to have access to companies who will put them out on the online storefronts of pretty much anywhere that sells DVDs and Blu-Rays.  This is largely due to the fact that those companies tend to only publish catalogs. 

If you’re a filmmaker, you’ll generally be limited to either buying a few thousand DVDs with no guaranteed warehouse solution or distribution network, or you’ll be limited to using something similar to Createspace to put them up on Amazon. While this tends to have the highest margins, it doesn’t tend to move a lot of products, and the quality of the product is generally pretty low. 

Broadcast, PayTV, and Ancillary (Generally Airline)

To get on any network or PayTv channel, you’ll need the help of a distribution company.  Same for airlines.  These entire right types are not generally available to you as a filmmaker. 

Video On Demand (VOD)

For ease, I’m going to break this into a few categories that are generally accepted within the industry.  Those categories are Transactional VOD (TVOD) Subscription VOD (SVOD) and (AVOD)

Transactional Video On Demand (TVOD)

In General, TVOD is pretty accessible to filmmakers on their own.  Filmmakers can pay an aggregator to get you on most platforms for a fee. These platforms include iTunes, Google Play/YouTube, Fandango Now, and many others.  Also, Filmmakers have been able to put their own work up on Amazon Instant video largely for free until recently, although it seems those winds may be changing.  Either way, filmmakers can use Vimeo OTT or Vimeo On Demand to sell the film directly through their website.

There are, however, more than a Few TVOD platforms that only a distributor can access.  These include a subset of TVOD called Electronic Sell Through VOD (ESTVOD) that’s primarily used for paid on-demand offerings of cable and satellite providers, as well as the occasional hotel chain.  The hotel chains VOD offerings have greatly declined in recent years as free WiFi has become commonplace.  Additionally, there’s a service that enables your content to be rented through library systems that are only accessible to distributors with decently sized catalogs. 

Subscription Video on Demand (SVOD)

In order to get on any platform like Netflix, Hulu, Disney+, HBO NOW, HBO MAX, or any other major streaming platform, you need the help of a distributor.  Distribber SAID they could pitch you, but that turned out to not be as true as you might hope, and their pitch fee was the size of most commissions a sales agent would take.  Also, their success rate was abysmal for someone charging up front.  This was primarily due to them pitching dozens of films a month, and as such them not getting much attention.

If you want to utilize your SVOD rights as a filmmaker, you pretty much have three options.  Put it on Amazon Prime, (at least for now.) You can start your own subscription service using Vimeo OTT, or try to sell it to people who started their own subscription services that you’ve found.  I doubt those last people will have much money though. 

Advertising Supported Video On Demand (AVOD)

Finally, we come to Advertising Supported Video on Demand or AVOD.  This is an exciting space that’s only recently emerged.  The two biggest players that do it profitably are TubiTV and PlutoTV.  Both of which only deal with filmmakers and sales agents with large catalogs of high-quality, distributable films.  This means they generally only deal with distributors or sales agents.

If you’re a filmmaker, you can put your movie on YouTube in the normal way for AVOD dollars, but it’s generally inadvisable for feature film content.  It’s good for vlogs about film distribution though..,

Thanks so much for reading! 

Educational content isn’t my primary business, the reason I know this stuff is I work in the field. If you’d like to work with me, submit your project idea via the link below. Distribution and brokerage tasks are on commission, earlier stage projects involve some reasonable fees. Also, If you like content like this, you should join my mailing list. It will get you lots of great blog digests of content just like this, as well as notices of major releases from Guerrilla Rep Media.

Check the tags below for related content!

What does current state of Independent Film Distribution look like in 2020?

2019 was quite a year for most of us, and while we’re entering 2020 with more stable economic footing than we expected, there are definitely some notable industry trends heating up that I thought to weigh in on a bit and let those of you who frequent my tiny corner of the internet know my thoughts on the matter. 

Note from the future: Oof. That stable economic footing did not last.

The SVOD Wars

Anyone who’s been on the internet, watched TV, or stepped out of their house in the last 10 months has probably seen at least about 50 ads for Disney+.  It’s the latest major entry into the Subscription Video on Demand market (SVOD) and it really changed the power dynamics of that particular section of the industry.  Disney is moving a lot of their legacy content onto the platform as with the fall of DVD the vault isn’t as profitable as it once was.  Now that Disney is here, it’s going to shape up the landscape a significant amount.  For more on that, check back in a few weeks for a post elaborating on the state of SVOD and how it changes the whole landscape. 

The fallout from the Distribber Debacle

If you follow Alex Ferrari of Indie Film Hustle as I do, you’ll be well aware of the issues facing Distribber and GoDigital. Through reports from the people they took money and films from, it seems clear that they’ve proven themselves to be every bit as untrustworthy as the sales agents and distributors we’ve all heard about.  So the big question here is if aggregators don’t deliver or screw you, where else can a filmmaker go to get their film out there? Should they use the old path, and go to a film market?

Film Markets

I’ve said it before, and I maintain that I would not have a career had I not gone to the American Film Market.  However, if I were to give advice to anyone starting out today, I don’t know if I’d tell them they should go.  While there were a lot of buyers at AFM last year, none of them seemed to be buying enough to sustain that sort of system.  According to the Hollywood reporter, this year AFM hit “Schlock bottom” and the rich got richer. 

It’s not the right political climate for that to continue, and most of the people reading this probably aren’t studio heads or those making 5-10mm dollar features. ​

For more on Markets, Check out my book!

AVOD Surges

I think it’s very likely that we’ll see a massive surge in the Advertising supported video on demand market over the course of 2020.  That market is poised to explode, especially in the even of an economic downturn.  People are aware of AVOD, but many don’t really watch much of it due to a lack of content.  That’s changing.  Quickly.  TubiTV and PlutoTV’s buyers were some of the only people acquiring catalogs en mass at AFM in November.  Their user base is global, and growing. 

If there is an economic downturn, it’s likely that more people will have less money and more time.  That spells a boom for free entertainment, and the longer people watch the more ad impressions the platform racks up, even if the Cost per impression goes down due to lack of purchase power of the viewer.  If your content is up there, the more you engage with a new user base and the greater the royalties. 

So how do you maximize your profit in this landscape?

BUILD YOUR AUDIENCE!

Everything mentioned above are tactics to make your content available to your audience.  They all share the same problem, the inability to generate an audience or help a new audience discover your work.  So if you do one thing to build your filmmaking career, it should be to grow your audience.  If you have an engaged audience, it can sustain your career more than anything else.  It can make it more likely you’ll get picked up by an SVOD platform, it can help you have leverage with aggregators and sales agents you meet at markets, and if you are looking to grow your audience by having a free AVOD platform they can watch your content through that’s much more selective than something like YouTube can help you to do so.  

So if you want to grow your profits from film distribution, the solution is simple.  Build an audience hungry for your content.  If you want some help with that, the button below will let you join my email list and get a marketing packet that will help you with some additional information, money saving links, and templates. 

Check the tags below for related content

Why you ABSOLUTELY MUST Become an Indiefilm Entrepreneur

The concept of filmmaking entrepreneurship has been coming into vogue for quite some time now but has really started to take hold in the zeitgeist of our industry in the last 3-6 months.  The culmination of this was the launch of the Filmtrepreneur website, blog, and podcast.  From Alex Ferrari (Best known for Indie Film Hustle.).

However, Alex is far from the first to advocate for filmmaking entrepreneurship, despite potentially being the loudest voice in the space.  This blog at ProductionNext explores a lot of the most influential voices on this topic. I’m among although I didn’t have the foresight to brand it that way.  I think the reason for this is that more and more people are catching on that if you really want to be an indie filmmaker, the best answer in the current state of the industry is to be an entrepreneur.  Here’s why.

1. You’ve (Probably) got to

If you don’t have the ability to move to New York or LA and network your way into the studio system and don’t want to work for a local TV affiliate, becoming an indiefilm entrepreneur is your best way to make a sustainable living.  Most of us would rather not have a side gig or a 9-5 in order to keep a roof over our heads, but if we don’t build a brand and a company around our work there isn’t going to be much of an option.

In essence, building your brand, leveraging that into a community, and leveraging both of those into creating a sustainable company is your best bet to building sustainable revenue for yourself from your work.

2. There’s no money in MAKING films, only SELLING them.

I’ve said it before, I’ll say it again.  Any accomplished filmmaker will know that you only spend money when you MAKE movies.  That’s fine, and it’s true for almost any product.  However, you can’t pay your bills if all your money goes to buying lenses and camera equipment.

If you get investors, you’ll need to pay them back.  If you put the film on your credit cards, you’ll need to pay those back too.  (Also, don’t do that.)

3. If you want a sustainable career in film, you need to make money

I know I said this in the last point, but you can’t pay your rent with exposure.  You also shouldn’t pay your crew this way. In order to make money, you need to sell your film.  As such, you should consider this from the moment you start writing your script.  You should think about your audience, your marketing strategy, and who is going to absolutely love your film to the point that they annoy their friends because they just won’t shut up about it.  That segues nicely to...

4. The Notion that if you just make a great movie, people will find it is a fallacy.

We all heard it in film school, but while there are a few kernels of truth to it, it’s not even close to true overall.  It’s definitely easier to sell a good movie than a bad one, and word of mouth is still the most effective form of marketing.  That said, quality isn’t the only determining factor in selling a movie.  (Check out the box office numbers for Transformers if you don’t believe me.) Things like Genre, recognizable names, and the amount of publicity you can generate also have HUGE impacts on the salability of a film.

Regarding word of mouth, it’s like a virus.  If you don’t hit a critical mass, it won’t do you much good.  In order to get your critical mass, you need to have a strong marketing strategy and a well-defined target market that is ideally made up of an underserved niche.  The reason for the underserved niche is that it helps make it much more cost-effective to market the film.

Related: Why your film needs a niche market

5. It’s the best (and maybe only) path to true filmmaking freedom

If you want to make the movies you want to make, building a brand, a community, an audience, and a company is the best way to achieve that goal.  If you work up through the studio system, you’re not going to be likely to reach the upper echelons before relatively late in your career (if at all) Even then, you’re likely to be subject to studio mandate which will make it difficult to make the films you really want to make.

As such, if you want to make films that really strike your fancy, the best way to do so is via becoming a film entrepreneur.  I was speaking with Rob Hardy of Filmmaker Freedom about this shortly before writing this particular blog, and that’s a lot of the new direction for his filmmaking podcast, which you should check out.  (I’ve linked it below)

CHECK OUT THE FILMMAKER FREEDOM PODCAST |Apple Podcasts|

Thanks so much for reading!  If you want some help building your company, you should consider hiring a consultant with exits behind them. I’m one of those, learn more about my services in the services button below.  If you’re not ready to do that, check out my free film business resources pack. You get the Entrepreneurial Producer E-Book templates to help you make an investment deck, festival brochure, track distribution submissions, and more. It’s free when you sign up for my email list.

How and Why to Test Screen Your Indiefilm

If you’re a filmmaker who’s got a film that’s nearing completion, you’re probably going to want to get some opinions on it before you think you’re ready.  This involves test screenings.  Given that I’ve hosted a few in the past, I’ve learned a few things that work and others that don’t. 

1. Invite people who aren’t filmmakers

While the very first people you’ll want to get feedback on your cut from probably ARE filmmakers, they won’t be the only people you want to talk to about your project.  Filmmakers tend to understand the process a bit better than a standard viewer and are going to be more able to look past a lack of color correction and audio that still needs work.

However, filmmakers have their own set of biases when it comes to low-budget independent work.  The easiest way past that is to do test screenings for the people you expect to WATCH your movie as opposed to those that helped you make it.  It’s best to wait until the film is nearly done before doing this, as these screenings tend to be labor-intensive and can be expensive.  Also, if you show the film too early, it can negatively impact the press for the film. ​  ​

Generally, I think the time you want to start showing people in the industry is around picture lock.  The test screenings should be done closer to the completion of the film when you think you stand a chance at getting into major festivals.

2. Give out PRINTED comment cards/Sheets at the close of the event.

I’ve done enough events to know that if you give out PAPER sheets for people to fill out anonymously at the event, you’ll probably get around 80-90% of your audience willing to fill them out.  However, if you send a follow-up survey in email, that number is around 10-20%, even if you incentivize them. 

As such, you should make sure you have a single-sided sheet ready for people to fill out at the event.  Don’t make people give you their names, but do ask about their age range and potential ethnicity.  If there are other demographics you plan on targeting, you should also add questions asking people if they identify with any of those groups. 

I’ve added a few templates to my resources section below.

Get the FREE template in my resources section!

3. Ask the viewers to RATE the film on IMDb & give them the ability to AT THE SCREENING

IMDb is one of the earliest places you can start asking consumers to rate your film.  In general, it’s best if you ask them to rate the film at the test screening.  You can set up a subdomain on your site that automatically redirects to the IMDb page.  Then you can use a QR code generator to make sure people have access to it.  Give them time to fill out the form and rate the film between the film finishing up and a Q&A.  The whole process (for both) should take 10 minutes or less, meaning a 15-minute break will also allow people to use the bathroom. 

I believe your film needs to be marked as completed to capture this rating. ​

4. Capture emails to let the beta viewers know when the film comes out.

If you’re a filmmaker, you need to build your email list. (More on that in the related blog below.) You should create a custom tag for people who attend the screening of your film.  If you capture RSVPs of people through Eventbrite, then you can just add that tag when you import them to mail chimp or whatever other mailing management program you want to use. 

Related: Why every filmmaker needs an email list.

5. Consider inviting local press

If your film is gearing up for release, offering press passes to local print outlets, prominent bloggers talking about movies, or other digital creators will probably serve you well.  It may or may not get them to actually come out, but the benefits of them coming.  Just make sure you’re not spammy about it.

Related: 6 Rules for contacting press.

Thanks so much for reading! If this all seems like a bit much, I do it for some of the films I represent or distribute. If you’d like me to consider yours, check out my services page. If you like this content, you should check out my new youtube channel. Also, don’t forget about the templates, ebook, and way more in my resources packet.

Check out the tags for more related content!

How Filmmakers Can Use Community Screenings to Maximize Impact and Profits

For those of you who are unfamiliar, a community screening model is an alternate version of a theatrical where instead of booking theaters across the country.  There are so many places with high-quality sound systems across the country that it can make a lot of sense to book these secondary locations instead of spending the money to four-wall a theater.  Since we talked about what a community screening package generally includes, I thought I’d go over what it takes to book those screenings this week. 

1. Identify your Target Audience

​As stated above, community screenings are best utilized when there’s already a strong presence of your niche audience gathered around the same geographic location.  This most likely means that you’re going to need to target a niche like the Faith-Based community, the LGBT community, or some other cause-oriented community. 

The Secret utilized community screenings to great effect, as did other documentaries like Food Inc and Forks over Knives.  This tactic is most commonly utilized by documentary filmmakers, as their films tend to attract dedicated niche audiences with slightly more ease than a narrative film would.  That said, if you can build a following for yourself and your film within this niche, there’s no reason that these same sorts of tactics couldn’t work as well. ​

2. Figure out a communal gathering place for them

If your community has a regular meeting place, such as a church, rec center, yoga studio, or other area that has a large screen that can be used to show movies it can be an extremely effective place to start talking to someone about hosting a film screening. 

Even if your film isn’t a faith-based film, some unitarian churches may still be worth approaching.  The biggest downside to places like Unitarian churches, (or general use area like a rec center) is that they don’t always have the same sort of community built around them that places like churches tend to. 

3. Research those community leads lists

Once you find an example community gathering place, you’re going to want to look for similar places around whatever region you’re looking to advertise community screenings too.  I wouldn’t generally say to do a screening at more than one location per city, but since you’re not going to close every place you try, I’d consider getting 5-10 per area you want to screen in. 

​Keep in mind, You’re living in a large, sprawling city like Los Angeles or Denver.  If you are, you might want to consider holding one in different areas of the city.  For Denver, you could consider one in LoDo, one in Aurora, one in Cherry Creek, and one in Highland’s Ranch.  In LA, you could consider one in DTLA, one in Culver, one in Burbank, one in Santa Monica, and one in Westwood, etc.

4. Create a screening package

I covered this last week since this blog was likely to come out long.  Read it below:

RELATED: The 9 Essential elements of an indifilm Community Screening package.

5. Generate marketing materials

The marketing materials I’m talking about are for marketing the people who would host the community screening, not those who would attend.  The materials for those who would attend will be covered in more detail on the expansion of section 4 next week. 
​
What I mean here are things like a pre-written email that you can plug some names into and send, a brochure on your film and why it would appeal to both your target audience and the people hosting it, a tiered pricing plan for your screenings that ideally start as a revenue share and go up from there.

6. Sell the community Screening package to them.

Finally, it’s time to dial for dollars and reach out to them. If possible, it will help your close rate immensely to send them the brochure in advance, but that can get a bit pricy. You can try sending a cold email, but it’s reasonably likely that you’d end up in more spam filters than would likely be helpful. I know that telemarketing isn’t fun, but it can be extremely useful in terms of actually moving these sorts of packages.

Thanks so much for reading! If all of this sounds like a lot, that’s because it is! Lucky for you, it’s also a service I offer. Check out the Guerrilla Rep Media Services page. If you’re still figuring out what the next steps are for your film, you should grab my free film business resources pack. It’s got Templates for festival brochures, distribution, tracking sheets, an investment deck template, a free ebook, a whitepaper on the economics of the film industry, and more. Also, you’ll get monthly content digests to help you grow your film business knowledge base on a manageable schedule.

Check out the tags below for related content!

9 Essential Elements of an Independent Film Community Screening Package

If you’re making a film with an extremely niche audience, it can make A LOT of sense to consider hosting some community screenings in place of a more traditional theatrical run. While this tactic is most commonly used for documentaries that have a strong social message, it’s also a tool that can be quite effective when utilized by narrative films targeting a very well-defined niche.  Here’s what goes into the package you’ll be selling to anyone who might want to screen your film.

Essentially, what you’re selling is an event kit that includes pretty much everything that an event organizer will need to create an event around your film so both of you can make money. 

1. The rights to publicly screen the film

You can’t legally screen a film to a gathering of people without a special kind of license.   Many times, this license is more of a handshake agreement, but if you’re doing anything at scale you need a special agreement.  Since if you’re doing this effectively, it’s probably going to be something that’s replicated across many screens across the country, it’s best to plan in advance and include the full license as part of the community screening agreement.

2. Questions to facilitate conversations after the film

Most of the time, the goal of a community screening is not just to show the film, but to build community around it.  Starting a conversation around the film when it’s over can be a great way for people to begin to understand not only the film, but the other people in the community watching it.  As such, providing a list of sample questions to anyone who would be hosting the event is a great way to make sure that the community building around your film is likely to go well. 

3. Art Assets for social media

Not everyone is good at social media marketing.  I would recommend that you create a set of art assets that can be easily modified to include the host and location for each of the following.

• Facebook (general)

• Facebook (event)

• Meetup

• Instagram

If you think I missed one, leave it in the comments. ​

4. A Pricing Plan

If you want to attract good event hosts, they’ll need to know what they need to pay.  Generally, it’s best to structure this as a hard cost plus revenue share, with the potential to add consumables like DVDs to the list. If you do a Revenue Share, you need to insist that you host it through your Eventbrite. 

Another couple of add-ons you could consider is Skyping or zooming in after the screening to take questions.  You could also include the ability to fly out, but that would be a MUCH higher price point that includes travel. ​

5. Easily printable standard page size flyers in both black and white and color

You should include easily printed and customizable flyers in black and white and in color for your event hosts to put up around town and use for promotion.  You do need black and white and color separately, as color is more eye-catching but black and white is more cost effective.  These should be print-ready pdfs based on a template you created.  Here’s an example i made for a masterclass I recently did in Las Cruces, New Mexico.  (it’s a .jpb it displays in this blog.)

6. Easily printable quarter page size flyers

This is the same sort of concept as the full-page flyers but sized so they can be given out or left somewhere. 

7. A Sample Press Release/EPK

This might be the most important item on this list.  One of the biggest reasons that you want to do these screenings is to increase the profile of the film.  If you get a significant amount of local press coverage, you’ll end up getting a significant boost to your SEO.  You should also make sure you include a few quotes from you about the film, and a few images to make the job of the local reporter as easy as possible. 

8. Testimonials

You should get some quotes about your film from any notable person you can that’s seen it.  If you’re past your festival run, you should consider looking at any of the reviews you got about the project. 

9. General best practices for marketing events

Not all community organizations are great at marketing events. So, an electronic file delivery of best practices for marketing a screening like this would be very useful to them.  Having recently worked with a few arts organizations, I wish I had made a template with more detail to better get the word out and get a few more people to show up.  

Thanks so much for reading! Next week I’ll release a blog about how to actually market this package.

This is a service I provide for my clients, so if you’d like me to consider taking yours on, use our services button below. if you want more content just like this, sign up for my email list to get monthly blog digests segmented by topic as well as some great film business resources.

Check the tags for more related content!

How To Title a Film so it SELLS

They say don’t judge a book by its cover, so you’d think it should follow that you shouldn’t judge a film by its title.  You would think wrong.  Title is a hugely important part of your film marketing, and it should be something you think about from the very beginning, not simply as an afterthought.  So here’s how to go about creating a title that will stick.

Short

Brevity is key when it comes to titles.  You don’t want more than one or two words.  If it starts with A or a number, that can be better as some cataloging systems  in various parts of the world still primarily use Alphatical Sorting.  This is less important than it used to be, as most of the major players have algorithms that take a lot more into account when recommending a film.   Altough if you look at films from the early 2010s, you’ll notice a disproportionate amount that start with a number, A, or B.  This is why. 

The reason you want it to be short is that shot can be easier to remember, and easier to make an impact with.  This leads me to the next point.

Accurate to the film

The title of the film definitely needs to reflect the film itself, otherwise it’s not going to ring true to anyone who watches the film, which will end poorly for you.  More in the blog below

Related: The SINGLE most important thing in your Movie Marketing

Punchy

Being punchy is about being memorable.  Think about the difference between A Song of Ice and Fire and Game of Thrones.  Game of Thrones the same general intellectual property, fewer words, much more punchy and much more memorable.  Although A Song of Ice and Fire is also a thematically relevant title, Game of Thrones is much easier to latch on to. 

It’s got to be Memorable

There’s a strong chance that if you and your distributor are doing your marketing and publicity right, a potential customer will have heard of your film prior to whenever they come across the ability to watch the film.  Here are some Examples

Zombie with a Shotgun
Snakes on a Plane
Kiss Kiss Bang Bang

These are all genre examples I could think of off the top of my head, but there are lots of other things that make your title memorable. Comment some of your favorites and I might include them in the YouTube Port.

 If the title is memorable, they’re more likely to move to the next step in the independent film purchase process.  More below.

Related: The independent film purchase process

Unique (or at least highly unusual) for SEO.

​Rising above the vast amount of noise due to the glut of content created in the indiefilm world is crucial to success.  Good SEO is key to that.  If people hear about your movie, you don’t want it to be hard to find.  As such, you should be thinking about how to best differentiate yourself from the slew of content out there, and choosing an unusual title is part of that.

It doesn’t need to be unique, we’re not talking about exclusivity and trademarks here.  It does, however need to be more discoverable than a film with a title like Peter Pan that’s made multiple times every single year. ​
​
When we released The Devil’s restaurant, it was as a result of a change from “The Restaurant” primarily for SEO and memorability purposes.

Easy to spell

If people keep misspelling your title, it will make it harder to index and harder to find.   I’ll admit I’m a hypocrite on this one.  “Guerrilla” is extremely hard to spell.  That said, I made the mistake so you don’t have to, and you might see some more corrections I’m making on that soon. 

Be Careful of Double-Entendres

Titles with double meanings can be great, but if it’s not something you intended it can be extremely bad. Examples off the top of my head could be Snatch, Fire Down Below, or Free Willy. Great titles, terrible for immature jerks who blog.

Expect the title to change for the international releases

A lot of movie marketing tends to change depending on what country the film is being released in. This is especially true for the title. One film I represented came to me as Paralyitic, then was distributed internationally as Still Alive, and marketed domestically as Narco Hitman. Another was Luna De Cigarres in South America, Cicada Moon in the US (Originally), and Filthy Luck internationally.

Also, yes. Your distributor has the right to change the title. The best way to avoid them doing it is to give them no reason to.

If you like this blog, you’d probably like others I write, so sign up for my email list via the button below. Also, check me out on YouTube for more film-related content you can listen to instead of reading.

Check the tags below for more related content.

Why I started a YouTube Channel

I started a Youtube Channel!  I’ve been debating whether or not to do so for a while, but I wanted to make sure I did it right. With the release of this blog and this video, I’m now going to be releasing around One video a week, and maybe more in the future.  Why am I doing this?  You can read on to find out, or just watch the video below.

There’s this misconception that youtube is for amateurs and people who haven’t found their way into the real film industry yet.  So I’ve already had a decent level of success in film, why am I starting one? While there is a bit of truth behind that misconception, the notion is outdated.  It’s best to view YouTube as it’s own social media platform, where some things work and others don’t.  After all, if Will Smith isn’t too big for youtube, there’s no universe in which I would be.

All of that only answers why not start a youtube channel, but I still haven’t stated why.  After all, I am busy with my work with film representation and distribution, writing blogs and books, speaking, appearing on podcasts, and more.  How is it worth my time to start a YouTube Channel?  Well, here are the 5 reasons I’m doing it. 

I practice what I preach

I’m continually advising my clients to expand their social media presence.  If you don’t build a brand and a community around your work, you won’t be able to build a sustainable career in the film industry at this present time.  YouTube can be fantastic for engaging with your community and can be a great tool for building your online presence. 

Experimentation is necessary for growth

In order to grow your independent film career, you need to take risks and experiment.  Some of them end great, and others end terribly.  The only thing you can do is to keep trying and measure your results as you do.  In lean methodology, this is summarized in the build, measure, learn feedback loop.  If you don’t build it and test it, you’ll never figure out what works. 

Social media is constantly changing.

Pretty much any serious user of any social media platform knows that all of the major platforms are constantly changing.  Facebook and LinkedIn recently changed the Functionality of their share tools, so I’m looking for more ways to get in front of eyeballs. The other thing here is that diversification of the platforms you put out content for will help you make sure that your presence remains strong even if certain platforms change in a way that adversely affects you. 

I’ve been blogging for a long time, but not everyone has time to read as much as they’d like.

At this point, my collection of blogs and books is fairly vast.  I believe I’ve written around 170 individual blogs across various platforms plus 3 books over my time writing.  While I did make one audiobook, These Vlogs and livestreams are likely to be something you can listen to as much as watch, at least to start.  That may change over time, as it’s likely I’ll start to implement graphics into the videos if this gets enough traction. 

My life goal is to make the Film Industry a Sustainable investment class.

​That may sound like a complete non-sequiter, but a HUGE barrier to that is filmmakers not understanding business. By helping to make the knowledge filmmakers need to build their own sustainable careers and companies practically ubiquitous, we can help overcome the knowledge gap and move closer to that goal. Until Alex Ferrari’s FilmTrepreneur came along, very few people were doing this on YouTube, despite there being a dirty of knowledge related to filmmaking.

So that’s why I started a youtube channel. Thanks for reading, but next time you should probably watch the video and listen to it. If you like the idea, check out my channel, subscribe, and ring the notification bell so you know when I drop a video. You can find that via the button below. Also, if you’re super psyched about this, please share this post or any of the videos themselves. It definitely helps. See you Next week!